质疑团队责任


原文:Questioning Team Accountability
Glen Alleman介绍了他们使用的业务管理流程——称为Afterburner——及其它对个人成功责任的依赖。Glen接着描述了他对团队责任而非个人承担责任的想法感到不适。根据本月Afterburner的视频通讯,在四步过程:1)计划,2)简介,3)执行,4)汇报中,如果我们无法回答“谁对失败负责?”这个问题,汇报无法做到有效。
Glen质疑了团队责任,这意味着没有个体对成功和失败负责。Andrew Joiner给出了一个回应:

Scrum或敏捷都没说个体不负责任。他们当然负责任;在一个sprint中,每次他们做一个任务时他们都是向团队做出承诺,并且有责任完成这个任务,无论是否需要帮助。
此外,作为团队整体也对在sprint计划会上承诺的可交付物负责。如果情况有变,那么这种责任要求通过重要的对话来重新估算并确认或改变早先的承诺。
“集体所有权”是一个经常用在代码库上的术语,最早来自于XP。它意味着没有一个人“拥有”代码的任何一部分。任何有足够技巧的人都可以负责任的修改代码。它和XP的其它实践相互支撑,比如持续集成、结对编程等等。

但Glen的观点也是有根据的,因为“集体责任”难以理解和实施:

只能有一个人负有最终责任(accountability)。其他人也可以负责(responsible)。许多最终责任与管理的核心原则相矛盾。负最终责任的人可以分解责任。这些原则不仅来自项目管理,也来自GAAP、SOX和业务治理。
当然代码的集体责任与领域及上下文背景高度相关。

这是理解自组织团队特别是实施敏捷开发的团队中比较困难的部分。我们在2009年敏捷大会对Christopher Avery的采访中,深入的讨论过这个话题。我们问了Avery关于个人责任和自组织团队的关系是怎样的:

我试图教给聪明的人如何建设团队,我记得在采访的开始,(我问)什么是精髓?精髓就是要求团队成员分担责任,当人们觉得一些大事能够为大家所分担,那么他们的行为就自动的转变,是有机的转变。我有一些技巧教给人们如何做到。
……如果我们专注于我们在一条船上并且能获得更大的成功,那么就意味 着这是我们每个人的意愿,如果我们有主人翁意识意味着我们会有机的填补上空白、补上缺陷、改进流程。他们说团队中的角色都是新的,究其原因是因为团队总是 临时的而且是由更大的任务决定的,当人们有一种能要把事情搞定的感觉时,他们就会投身其中做需要完成的事情。

Avery教给我们的是因为没有个人的失败,也没有个人的成功,所以个人的责任是不够的。因此虽然仍然有个人责任,一个人的失败也是团队的失败(“不是我的翅膀着火”原则)。团队需要对项目的成功集体负责而不是追究是谁的错误。
组织责任是不是与你产生共鸣?是不是我们模糊了“最终责任(accountability)”,“职责(responsibility)”和“所有权”的使用方法?而且,最重要的是,它会如何影响你的结果?

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It’s Time To Do Your Own Thing

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Why do you read TCH? Does it inspire you to create, start a business, design a product, improve an idea? Does it make you want to innovate or imitate? Does it inspire you travel, or live in another city or country?
Do you need someone else to tell you your product/idea/execution/brand is great? We say don’t worry what anyone else thinks, trust your own judgment. When others doubt, be confident in your vision. Stop waiting for the perfect time to do what you want to do. Just go for it and do it now.

Don’t’ follow fashion trends. The most fashionable thing you can be is to be you. Travel the world, live in other cities, learn cultures. Learn because it keeps your mind young. You don’t need a university degree to be successful, although it may be helpful, but don’t do it because your parents – or you? – have status anxiety. Stop whining about it.
But what you do need is vision, tenacity and confidence in what you do. Do what you love now. Switch topics or schools now. Don’t wait till the last year of your education to realize that this isn’t your path. Listen to your heart, it knows what makes you happy.

If your job sucks, stop blaming others, your boss, your parents, the unverse. Just quit and take responsibility for your own choices. It’s not about the sucky job. It is about you being in the wrong place. There’s never a better time than now.
Start doing what your mind has been ticking away for you to do for years. Take risks. Be in a relationship that flows effortlessly. Trust your gut feeling. Intuition is strong and powerful.
Stop smoking, invest in your body, get off your ass and exercise. If you’re an entrepreneur , don’t spend all night on your projects. Practice balance and time management and have a life. Your family and kids are wondering why you aren’t home for dinner, again. What a waste of your time.

Have the tenacity and focus to execute an idea no matter how daunting it may seem at first. Have the confidence in what you’re doing even when others doubt. Create opportunities for yourself. It is time for you to step up.
Here at TCH, we practice what we preach and we learn something every day. Everything we feature here on TCH, is based on intuition. We don’t care if you or anyone else don’t like it or agree with what we feature. If we did that, we’d go insane and TCH would be fake and boring and bland.
The coolest thing you can do is doing it. – Bill Tikos